Protecting Consumers and Ensuring Halal Integrity for Pekalongan MSMEs: A Maqashid and Sharia Economic Law Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58824/mediasas.v9i2.537Keywords:
halal assurance, consumer protection, maqasid al-Shariah, MSMEs, Islamic economic lawAbstract
This research examines consumer protection and halal assurance practices among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Pekalongan from the perspectives of Islamic economic law and maq??id al-shar?’ah. It aims to analyze how far existing practices align with regulatory mandates and the higher objectives of Islamic law. The research employs a qualitative case study approach, drawing on in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis involving MSME actors, regulators, religious authorities, and consumers. The findings reveal that implementation of halal assurance remains uneven: only a minority of MSMEs hold formal certification, while others rely on self-declaration or unverified halal claims. This condition weakens consumer protection, particularly regarding the right to accurate and trustworthy information. From the standpoint of Islamic economic law, such practices indicate the persistence of gharar and tadl?s, which undermine transactional justice. The study further demonstrates that the principles of maq??id al-shar?’ah, particularly the protection of religion (?if? al-d?n), life (?if? al-nafs), intellect (?if? al-’aql), and wealth (?if? al-m?l), provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating halal assurance. Halal certification not only safeguards religious observance but also ensures product safety, transparency, and economic fairness. However, structural challenges, including limited literacy, financial constraints, and bureaucratic complexity, hinder optimal implementation. The study concludes that strengthening halal literacy, improving regulatory support, and fostering an inclusive halal ecosystem are essential to realizing substantive consumer protection and aligning MSME practices with the objectives of Islamic law.
[Penelitian ini mengkaji perlindungan konsumen dan praktik jaminan halal di kalangan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Pekalongan dari perspektif hukum ekonomi Islam dan maq??id al-shar?’ah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana praktik yang ada selaras dengan ketentuan regulasi serta tujuan luhur hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif, dengan mengandalkan wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan analisis dokumen yang melibatkan pelaku UMKM, regulator, otoritas keagamaan, serta konsumen. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa implementasi jaminan halal masih tidak merata, dengan hanya sebagian kecil UMKM yang memiliki sertifikasi formal, sementara yang lain mengandalkan deklarasi sendiri atau klaim halal yang tidak terverifikasi. Kondisi ini melemahkan perlindungan konsumen, terutama terkait hak atas informasi yang akurat dan dapat diandalkan. Dari sudut pandang hukum ekonomi Islam, praktik-praktik tersebut menandakan persistennya gharar dan tadl?s yang merusak keadilan dalam transaksi. Studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa prinsip-prinsip maq??id al-shar?’ah, khususnya perlindungan agama (?if? al-d?n), kehidupan (?if? al-nafs), akal (?if? al-’aql), dan harta (?if? al-m?l), menyediakan kerangka kerja yang komprehensif untuk mengevaluasi jaminan halal. Sertifikasi halal tidak hanya melindungi ketaatan agama tetapi juga memastikan keamanan produk, transparansi, dan keadilan ekonomi. Namun, tantangan struktural, termasuk rendahnya literasi, kendala keuangan, dan kompleksitas birokrasi, menghambat implementasi yang optimal. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa memperkuat literasi halal, meningkatkan dukungan regulasi, dan menumbuhkan ekosistem halal yang inklusif sangat penting untuk mewujudkan perlindungan konsumen yang substantif serta menyelaraskan praktik UMKM dengan tujuan hukum Islam.
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