Child Guardianship in the Perspective of a Compilation of Islamic Law: An Analysis of Judges' Considerations and the Protection of Children's Rights

Desy Primasari; Ilham Tohari; Husnul Yaqin

doi:10.58824/arjis.v5i2.634

Authors

Desy Primasari Syekh Wasil State Islamic University Kediri
Ilham Tohari Syekh Wasil State Islamic University Kediri
Husnul Yaqin Syekh Wasil State Islamic University Kediri

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58824/arjis.v5i2.634

Keywords:

Child guardianship; Child rights; Guardian accountability; Legal protection; Property management

Abstract

Child guardianship not only provides legal authority to the guardian, but also imposes an obligation to protect the child's personal interests and property after the court determination. This study aims to analyze the judge's considerations in the Determination of Case Number 116/Pdt.P/2023/PA. Kdr in 2023, the implementation of the guardian's authority after the determination, as well as the protection of children's rights, especially in property management. The research uses a qualitative socio-legal case study design with an empirical approach and normative legal analysis. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, documentation, and legal material analysis, then analyzed qualitatively by comparing empirical findings against the Compilation of Islamic Law, Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, and Government Regulation Number 29 of 2019. The results of the study show that the court determination has provided formal legal protection through certainty regarding the legal party representing the child. The implementation of guardianship also provides substantive benefits through meeting the needs of education and daily life. However, the protection of property rights is not optimal because it has not been supported by systematic asset registration, documentation of property changes, information disclosure, and adequate accountability. No evidence of misuse of property by guardians was found. The novelty of this study lies in the identification of gaps between legal authority of the guardian and post-appointment accountability, which suggests that the effectiveness of child protection depends on the continuity between the legitimacy of authority, the implementation of obligations, supervision, and accountability after determination.

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